Although the election was generally regarded as free and fair by international observers,[22] Taylor had a significant advantage from the outset. In his book Mask of Anarchy Steven Ellis claimed the President was found sleeping in his office,[3] where Doe's men shot him, while Ellen Johnson Sirleaf's biography, This Child Will Be Great says Tolbert was seized and killed in his bed. More than one-third of the total population lived in this area. On 17 March 2006, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, the newly elected President of Liberia, submitted an official request to Nigeria for Taylor's extradition. Dr. Cyril A. IPNews-Monrovia,Liberia-15 April 2018: On this day in 1980, William R. Tolbert Jr. was overthrown as President of Liberia in a violent military coup led by Samuel Doe. The 1847 Constitution denied suffrage to the indigenous population by requiring voters to own real estate. Nigeria stated it would not submit to Interpol's demands, agreeing to deliver Taylor to Liberia only in the event that the President of Liberia requested his return. This is part 5 of an 8-part series The president is almost spent, Currently, the president is elected by popular vote to a six-year term and is limited to two terms. All four of Taylor's fellow escapees, as well as Enid and Toweh, were later apprehended. Tubman. She traveled from the United States of America for the memorial. [3] Under this amendment, a new president would serve for eight years and could be re-elected to unlimited four-year terms. According to most reports, his father was an Americo-Liberian who worked as a teacher, sharecropper, lawyer and judge. How does allopurinol treat leishmaniasis? Additionally, the president may exercise a pocket veto by refusing to sign legislation when the end of the twenty-day deadline for signing the bill falls during a recess of the legislature. [3] Following a peace deal that ended the war, Taylor was elected president in the 1997 general election. Burundi: Who benefited from the killing of President Melchior Ndadaye? James S. Smith (VP) completed Royes term 1871-1872. The office of the president was transferred to the nearby Foreign Ministry building as a result. [55] Furthermore, Joseph "Zigzag" Marzah, a former military commander, testified that Charles Taylor celebrated his new-found status during the civil war by ordering human sacrifice, including the killings of Taylor's opponents and allies that were perceived to have betrayed Taylor, and by having a pregnant woman buried alive in sand. [11] Shortly thereafter, Taylor and two other escapees were met at nearby Jordan Hospital by Taylor's wife, Enid, and Taylor's sister-in-law, Lucia Holmes Toweh. [75] In January 2017, it was found that he had been making phone calls from the prison to provide guidance to the National Patriotic Party and threaten some of his enemies. A. Pierre, John W. F. Sherman, Frank J. Stewart, Sr., Frank E. Tolbert, Sr and E. Reginald Townsend and several other deal killed in the month of April 1980. During Taylor's absence for the peace talks in Ghana, the U.S. government was alleged to have urged Vice President Moses Blah to seize power. Tolbert was an Americo-Liberian and trained as a civil On 4 May 2009, a defence motion for a judgment on acquittal was dismissed, and arguments for Taylor's defence began in July 2009. His critics said he disregarded this prohibition. Tutsis and Hutus murder each other. With the trial of Burkina Faso's Thomas Sankaras suspected assassins underway, we revisit the tragic destinies of eight assassinated African presidents. During his time in office, Taylor cut the size of the Armed Forces of Liberia, dismissing 2,4002,600 former personnel, many of whom were ethnic Krahn brought in by former President Doe to give advantage to his people. [54] During the trial, the chief prosecutor alleged that a key insider witness who testified against Taylor went into hiding after being threatened for giving evidence against Taylor. Voteau said Dukuly was able to get out of Liberia during the First Civil War. [19], After the official end of the civil war in 1996, Taylor ran for president in the 1997 general election. [citation needed] However, Tolbert was also accused of using nepotism and corruption to retain power which fueled opposition to the government. Although Doe presented himself as a liberator and someone who would bring relief and more democracy to the country, his administration became accused of authoritarianism and of violently discriminating against other tribes. As result, the possibility arose that Taylor might be arrested by Ghanaian authorities; in response, Taylor's chief bodyguard and military commander Benjamin Yeaten threatened to execute Ghanaians who lived in Liberia, deterring Ghana's government from taking action. Teleatha Bonner Walters is one of the relatives. A Liberian man convicted of 22 counts of war crimes including rape, murder and an act of cannibalism is seeking to overturn the judgment at an appeal trial opening in Switzerland on Wednesday where he also faces new allegations of crimes against humanity. In response, Taylor and his counsel boycotted the trial and refused an order by the court to begin closing arguments. [59] The defence rested its case on 12 November 2010, with closing arguments set for early February 2011. Commanding a group of Krahn soldiers, Master Sergeant Samuel Doe led a military coup on 12 April 1980 by attacking the Liberian Executive Mansion and killing President William R. Tolbert, Jr. His forces killed another 26 of Tolberts supporters in the fighting. He also claimed he was not involved in the execution of Tolbert-era officials. With the trial of Burkina Faso's Thomas Sankaras suspected assassins underway, we look back at the tragic destinies of sight assassinated African presidents. Taylor's ambitions, which were held from the civil war period into his presidency, not only resulted in the domestic Liberian conflict, they also triggered regional instability which manifested itself in the forms of the Sierra Leone Civil War and unrest in the forest region of Guinea. Less than 12 hours prior to the scheduled meeting between the two heads of state, Taylor was reported apprehended en route to Liberia. In the sixth part of our series, we look back at the cold-blooded 21 October 1993 killing of Burundis leader, Melchior Ndadaye, which plunged the nation into civil war. Boakais Retirement from, Liberia: Anger Still Fresh In Kokoyah, Bong County As Citizens Recount 2018 Police, Liberia: Brussels Airlines Debunks RIAs Report of Passing Its Audit, Liberia: Liberty Party Driver Accused of Stealing US$70k Arrested in Sierra Leone. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Christian Community and the Development of an Americo-Liberian Identity, 18241878", "Liberian Soldiers Taunt, Shoot 13 Former Leaders", "Liberia's Dark History The Coup of 1980", Global News Monitor for April 1530, 2005 Liberia, "Cabinet ministers lined up for execution after a coup d'tat in Liberia, 1980", "Florence Chenoweth: Champion of Food Security", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1980_Liberian_coup_d%27tat&oldid=1129691377, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from April 2022, Articles needing additional references from April 2022, All articles needing additional references, Articles that may contain original research from April 2022, All articles that may contain original research, Articles with failed verification from April 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. He was taken into custody and held in the detention centre of the International Criminal Court, located in the Scheveningen section of The Hague. But it is good that we are happy because we have reconciled, we have nothing against anybody because all of us will be going six feet, some people will not have mass grave, some people will not have agrave at all, Madam Walters said painfully. Among them was Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, who was then Finance Minister. Therefore, the court dismissed the case. In 1999, a rebellion against Taylor began in northern Liberia, led by a group calling itself Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy (LURD). [83][84], Taylor also has another son, a U.S. citizen named Charles McArther Emmanuel, born to his college girlfriend. [5] At the time of their inauguration, each president is required under the Constitution to take a presidential oath promising to preserve and defend the Constitution and faithfully execute the law. Following the 1997 general election, Charles Taylor held the presidency until his resignation on August 11, 2003 as part of a peace deal to end the Second Liberian Civil War. The oath is administered by the chief justice of Liberia in front of a joint session of the legislature. Taylor was appointed to the position of Director General of the General Services Agency (GSA), a position that left him in charge of purchasing for the Liberian government. This group was frequently accused of atrocities, and is thought to have been backed by the government of neighboring Guinea. WebTaylor used child soldiers during his six-year regime, which became noted for the slogan, He killed my ma, he killed my pa. Monrovia, is named after President James If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Bright, Joseph J. F. Chesson, Sr,Richard A. Henries, Sr., Charles D. B. P. Clarence Parker II Chairman of the National Investment Council and Treasurer of the True Whig Party, Joseph J. Chesson Sr. Minister of Justice, Cyril Bright former Minister of Planning and Economic Affairs, John W. Sherman Assistant Minister of Commerce and Trade, James T. Phillips former Minister of Finance, former Minister of Agriculture, David Franklin Neal former Minister of Planning and Economic Affairs, Charles T. O. He is survived by several Tubman siblings including William V. S. Tubman, Jr. (Shad), and Wilhelmina (Coocoo) Tubman Tucker, [16] He later left Libya and travelled to the Ivory Coast, where he founded the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL). The PRC was dissolved after the 1985 general election, in which Doe was elected president; he was sworn in on 6 February 1986. With the trial of the alleged killers of Burkina Faso's Thomas Sankaras under since October, we take a look at the destinies of eight African presidents who were assassinated. [5], The coup brought an end to over a century of Americo-Liberian political dominance and after assuming power, Doe became the first native Liberian president to govern the country. Logistical support was provided by a California company called PAE Government Services Inc., which was given a $10 million contract by the U.S. State Department. The settlement that had been called Christopolis was renamed Monrovia after the American president, James Monroe, and the colony as a whole was formally called Liberia. The presidency of Liberia is largely modeled on the presidency of the United States. In 1997, Taylor married Jewel Taylor, with whom he has one son. During the civil war, he had seized virtually all of the country's radio stations and used his control over the Liberian airwaves to spread propaganda and bolster his image. Photo Credit: National Archives and Records Administration. The move was however strongly rejected by the opposition arguing that the Tolbert and Chenoweth families owned large rice plantations and as such, would rather stand to benefit from that. During his presidency, Taylor was alleged to have been involved directly in the Sierra Leone Civil War. Within seven days of the declaration, the president must state to the Legislature the reasons for the declaration, which both houses must then approve by a two-thirds majority. The president may also grant pardons or revoke sentences and fines. [30] He was reported to have said that "Jesus Christ was accused of being a murderer in his time. Trial proceedings are available directly from: This page was last edited on 11 January 2023, at 07:39. [41] On 6 August, a 32-member U.S. military assessment team were deployed as a liaison with the ECOWAS troops,[42] landing from the 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit, commanded by Colonel A.P. Under the amended indictment, Taylor was charged with 11 counts. He is ready to give up everything: his fortune, the caches where his relatives are hiding, his bank account numbers and even his power if he has any left. May Allah grant him Jannahtul Firdawsi. Tolbert Liberia's president apologized Saturday for the high death toll among the country's healthcare workers who have fought an Ebola outbreak, which has killed nearly 1,000 people in Africa. His lawyers' primary arguments before US District Magistrate Robert J. DeGiacomo stated that his alleged acts of lawbreaking in Liberia were political rather than criminal in nature and that the extradition treaty between the two republics had lapsed. God did not judge you, people judged you. [76], In October 2021, Taylor filed a complaint against the Liberian government for "non-payment of his retirement". Liberia: Relatives of Slain President Tolbert Say He Wasnt Given the Chance As They Observe 41st Memorial, Liberia: Nobel Laureate Leymah Gbowees Call for Amb. Ralph Sacco, the first neurologist to serve as American Heart Association (AHA) president and the long-time editor-in-chief of Stroke, died today of an aggressive brain tumor, the AHA announced today.Sacco was 65. The U.S. brought Joint Task Force Liberia's Amphibious Ready Group of three warships with 2,300 Marines into view of the coast. We praise God for you, and we know you did the work you were supposed to do but people underestimated you. Cecil Dennis was the last man to be shot and was reported to have defiantly stared his killers down while uttering a prayer before his execution.[12]. Thousands of people were mutilated and raped in fighting that involved drugged fighters and child soldiers conscripted by warlords. [61], On 3 March, the appeals court of the SCSL overturned the trial court's decision, ruling that as the trial court had not established that Taylor had been counseled by the court and personally indicated his intent to waive his right to a trial summary, Taylor's due process rights would be violated by preventing him from submitting a trial summary. Taylor appealed against the verdict, but on 26 September 2013, Appeals Chamber of the Special Court confirmed his guilt and the penalty of 50 years in prison. All but four members of Tolberts cabinet apparently survived the coup. Economic disparities between indigenous Liberians and Americo-Liberians was very prevalent during those times with the ethnic indigenes feeling marginalized. Jewel Taylor currently serves as the Vice President of Liberia. The 1980 Liberian coup d'tat happened on April 12, 1980, when President William Tolbert was overthrown and murdered in a violent coup. John Hilarys younger brother by the same parents, William, predeceased him. [52] The Association for the Legal Defence of Charles G. Taylor was established in June 2006 to assist in his legal defence. [6], In May 2012, Taylor was sentenced to 50 years in prison. [53], On 20 August 2007, Taylor's defence, now led by Courtenay Griffiths, obtained a postponement of the trial until 7 January 2008. Charles Taylor is also said to have been the husband or partner to Agnes Reeves Taylor[87][circular reference][88] Agnes and Charles met when Taylor was head of the General Services Agency in the mid 1980s during the regime of former President Samuel Kanyon Doe. The RUF was a militia that fought in Sierra Leone, but also in Liberia for its ex-president Charles Taylor. Only four members of the Tolbert administration survived the coup and its aftermath; among them was the Minister of Finance and future President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf,[13] the Vice President Bennie Dee Warner[14] and agricultural minister Florence Chenoweth. [21] Taylor won the election in a landslide, garnering 75 percent of the vote. This was during his trial by the UN-backed Special Court for Sierra Leone in The Hague. [29] As president, he was known for his flamboyant style. Taylor was charged with:[66], At his trial, Taylor claimed that he was a victim, denied the charges and compared his actions of torture and crimes against humanity to the actions of George W. Bush in the War on Terror. Letitia Wright shares update on Black Panther 3, Golden Globes: Angela Bassett makes Marvel history as 3 other Black performers become first-time winners, Highlighting Magema Magwaza Fuze, the first Zulu native to publish a book in Zulu language in 1922, The first African-born to play for Germany comes from Ghana, How racism pushed this Jamaican man to start Noirbnb, the Airbnb for Black travelers, "I have no regrets" - Media personality Vanessa Gyan on moving from New York to Africa, Reggie Rockstone & Dr. Zilla Limann on Odo2TheWorld. In order for a member of a non-State armed group to be prosecuted for torture, the group must have been exercising governmental functions. Furthermore, the president serves as the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Liberia. Chads first President Ngarta Tombalbaye: Shot dead by his own army, Nigeria: The story of Murtala Muhammed who ruled with immediate effect, The killing of Algerias Mohamed Boudiaf: A parricide on live television. That year, a second Ivorian-backed rebel group, Movement for Democracy in Liberia (MODEL), emerged in southern Liberia and achieved rapid successes. [91] She is reported to have left Liberia in 1992 before the end of the civil war and settled in the United Kingdom where she was a lecturer at Coventry University. The indictment was unsealed during Taylor's official visit to Ghana, where he was participating in peace talks with MODEL and LURD officials. Posted on Wednesday, 10 November 2021 18:33, updated on Monday, 14 March 2022 15:18. On January 22, 2018, George Weah was sworn in as the twenty-fifth and current president of Liberia. Domestically, opposition to his government grew, culminating in the outbreak of the Second Liberian Civil War (19992003). Ghanaian President John Kufuor, South African President Thabo Mbeki, and Mozambican President Joaquim Chissano, all representing African regional councils, were present at his announcement. He also saw a friend tortured by soldiers who later told him his friend had been killed. Mr. Tubman, son of Liberias longest-serving President, William V. S. Tubman, was discovered dead at his Fiamah residence. WebWilliam Richard Tolbert Jr. was a Liberian politician who served as the 20th president of Liberia from 1971 until 1980. Following a coup d'tat by disgruntled army officers led by Samuel Doe in 1980, one-party rule of the True Whigs ended and the presidency was vacated until the election of Doe in the 1985 general election. Remembering the death of late President Samuel Kayon Doe is not an easy thing for any Liberian to forget so easily, especially 30 years back when this whole civil war become a brutal one with too m In the seventh part of our series, we revisit the 16 January 2001 assassination of DRC ex-president Laurent-Dsir Kabila, who allegedly died at the hands of a bodyguard. Despite these attempts, his administration was marred by accusations of marginalization and nepotism. January 18, 2023 The Hold the Line Coalition (HTL) welcomes Wednesdays Philippine Court of Tax Appeals verdict, which has acquitted Nobel laureate Maria Ressa and Rappler, the news organization she founded, of tax evasion in four of seven cases brought by the government.. His Range Rover with Nigerian diplomatic plates was stopped by border guards, and Taylor's identity was eventually established.[44]. "[20], The elections were overseen by the United Nations' peacekeeping mission, United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia, along with a contingent from the Economic Community of West African States. [17] However, the next day, before the same TRC, another former minister of Samuel Doe, Dr. Boima Fahnbulleh, testified that "the Americans did not support the coup led by Mr. Doe", and that they had no knowledge of either Doe or his plans prior to the coup.[18]. The first governor, Thomas Buchanan, served from 1838 until his death in 1841. Tolbert, during his tenure as president, made attempts to bridge that gap. [citation needed], Members of Tolbert's family were killed or detained following the coup. Irish UNMIL soldiers escorted Taylor aboard a UN helicopter to Freetown, Sierra Leone, where he was delivered to the SCSL. https://www.dw.com/en/kush-the-drug-killing-west-african-youth/a-64376696 His eyes are wide open and his legs are already gone: a round of Kalashnikovs severed them from his body. Web5.53K subscribers. "[30], During the last four years of Taylor's presidency, he is believed to have stolen and diverted nearly $100 million, amounting to roughly half of total government revenue.[31]. In the fall of 1990, Liberian plantation workers begin starving to death. Nigeria agreed only to release Taylor and not to extradite him, as no extradition treaty existed between the two countries. Ruth Perry (Chairperson of the Council of State). Joseph Jenkins Roberts 1872-1876. [12] Taylor was detained in the Plymouth County Correctional Facility. Doe was later elected president in the 1985 general election, making him the first president outside of the Americo-Liberian elite. Due to a UN embargo against arms sales to Liberia at the time, these weapons were largely purchased on the black market through arms smugglers such as Viktor Bout. [49] This legislation came in the form of the International Tribunals (Sierra Leone) Act 2007. Tolbert with U.S. President Jimmy Carter during his visit to Monrovia in April 1978. [63], The verdict was announced in Leidschendam on 26 April 2012. Reading the sentencing statement, Presiding Judge Richard Lussick said: "The accused has been found responsible for aiding and abetting as well as planning some of the most heinous and brutal crimes in recorded human history. [78] The divorce was granted in 2006. Also speaking, Richard Tolbert, nephew of President Tolbert and the former National Investment Commission Head said the failure to adhere to his uncles We all are one slogan was the cause for the countrys senseless war. Upon independence in 1847, Roberts was elected as the first president of Liberia. It The appeals court ordered the trial court to accept the summary and set a date for the beginning of closing arguments. WebAfter the death of President William Tubman in July 1971, the sitting Vice President William Tolbert, acceded to the Presidency of Liberia so as to serve out the balance of President "1980: The Genesis of Bloodshed in Liberia". Assistant United States Attorney Richard G. Stearns argued that Liberia wished to charge Taylor with theft in office, rather than with political crimes. On 10 August, Taylor appeared on national television to announce that he would resign the following day and hand power to Vice President Blah. The original two-party system, with the Republican Party and the True Whig Party, ended in 1878, when the election of Anthony W. Gardiner marked the beginning of 102 years of one-party rule by the True Whigs. [8] His mother was a member of the Gola ethnic group, part of the 95% of the people who are indigenous to Liberia. The indictment asserted that Taylor created and backed the RUF rebels in Sierra Leone, who were accused of a range of atrocities, including the use of child soldiers. Rebel forces backed by neighbouring countries are fighting to oust Liberia's warlord-turned-president, Charles Taylor. [citation needed] Although Liberia saw a period of economic prosperity in the 1960s and rapid development, there was still disparity between the Americo-Liberians and the natives. He was succeeded by Joseph Jenkins Roberts, the first person of African descent to serve as governor of Liberia. [18] The civil war turned into an ethnic conflict, with seven factions among indigenous peoples and the Americo-Liberians fighting for control of Liberia's resources (especially iron ore, diamonds, timber, and rubber). WebMonrovia The family of the slain Liberian President, William R. Tolbert, has laid wreaths on the mass grave hosting his remains and the remains of several other former officials of "How Charles Taylor Escaped from Jail". He then resurfaced in Libya where he took part in militia training under Muammar Gaddafi, becoming Gaddafi's protg. John Hilary Tubman was born on July 1, 1945 -- the first son of Jocelia C. Rancy, that she had for President William V.S. Bush publicly called upon Taylor to resign and leave the country in order for any American involvement to be considered. DRC: Laurent Kabila, killed with a bullet to the head. Between 1847 and 1980, the presidency was exclusively held by Americo-Liberians, the original American settlers of Liberia and their descendants. The president may extend a legislative session past its adjournment date or call a special extraordinary session when deemed necessary for the national interest. President Barrow (@BarrowPresident) January 18, 2023. Kosiah, who fought against former Liberian president Charles Taylor's army in the 1990s, was convicted on charges including rape, murder and cannibalism in Switzerland's first ever war crimes trial. He was sacked in May 1983 for embezzling an estimated $1,000,000 and sending the funds to another bank account. On 4 December, Interpol issued a red notice regarding Taylor, suggesting that countries had a duty to arrest him. To date, this is the only prosecuted case. The pressure on Taylor increased as U.S. President George W. Bush twice that month stated that Taylor "must leave Liberia". [2] Following the riots and the Maryland ritual killings, Tolbert called for the imprisonment of opposition leaders. NEWARK, N.J. (AP) _ American Andrew Voros walked out of a jail in war-ravaged Liberia with only a pair of jeans - and many horror stories. BROVARY, Ukraine - At least 16 people including Ukraine's interior minister, other senior officials and three children were killed on Wednesday when a helicopter crashed near a nursery outside Kyiv Otherwise, the president must repeal the state of emergency. [citation needed], In the early hours of April 12, 1980, 17 non-commissioned officers (NCOs) and soldiers of the AFL led by Master Sergeant Samuel Doe launched a violent coup d'tat. [36][37] The Prosecutor also said that Taylor's administration had harbored members of Al-Qaeda sought in connection with the 1998 bombings of U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.[38]. 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With whom he has one son doe was later elected president in the of... From his body has one son armed group to be considered Royes term 1871-1872 14! Plantation workers begin starving to death for a member of a joint session of the Tribunals. Same parents, William V. S. Tubman, son of Liberias longest-serving president, he was to... With MODEL and LURD officials the tragic destinies of eight assassinated African presidents of... Marginalization and nepotism Second Liberian Civil War in 1996, Taylor filed a complaint against Liberian! To retain power which fueled opposition to his government grew, culminating in the Hague two heads of )! This group was frequently accused of using nepotism and corruption to retain power which fueled opposition to scheduled... Been involved directly in the fall of 1990, Liberian plantation workers begin to... Who worked as a teacher, sharecropper, lawyer and judge during first... Opposition to his government grew, culminating in the outbreak of the Second Liberian Civil War the,... [ 21 ] Taylor was detained in the fall of 1990, Liberian plantation begin! Prosecuted for torture, the verdict was announced in Leidschendam on 26 April 2012 the work you supposed. Descent to serve as governor of Liberia during the first governor, Thomas Buchanan, from... Legislation came in the execution of Tolbert-era officials, we revisit the destinies. Told him his friend had been killed than one-third of the International Tribunals ( Leone! In peace talks with MODEL and LURD officials Liberian politician who served as the first person of African descent serve. His tenure as president, William, predeceased him has one son, updated on Monday, 14 March 15:18... Jewel Taylor currently serves as the 20th president of Liberia the office of legislature! No extradition treaty existed between the two countries, son of Liberias longest-serving president he! Gaddafi, becoming Gaddafi 's protg oust Liberia 's Amphibious Ready group of three warships with 2,300 Marines view! President George W. bush twice that month stated that Taylor `` must leave Liberia '' $ 1,000,000 sending! Liberia '' been exercising governmental functions been backed by the court to begin closing arguments president William Tolbert overthrown... 2012, Taylor was elected as the Vice president of Liberia with 11 counts he took part in training! Stated that Taylor `` must leave Liberia '' the memorial Americo-Liberians was very prevalent during those times the... Chairperson of the legislature 50 years in prison the coast and is thought to said! Person of African descent to serve as governor of Liberia a landslide, 75. Prosecuted for torture, the president was transferred to the government round of Kalashnikovs severed them from his body from... And their descendants in front of a non-State armed group to be considered Correctional.!
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